{
  "name" : "Malinzi2018 - Enhancement of chemotherapy using oncolytic virotherapy",
  "description" : "IA spatio-temporal mathematical model, in the form of a moving boundary problem, to explain cancer dormancy is developed. Analysis of the model is carried out for both temporal and spatio-temporal cases. Stability analysis and numerical simulations of the temporal model replicate experimental observations of immune-induced tu- mour dormancy. Travelling wave solutions of the spatio-temporal model are determined using the hyperbolic tangent method and minimum wave speeds of invasion are calculated. Travelling wave analysis depicts that cell invasion dynamics are mainly driven by their motion and growth rates. A stability analysis of the spatio-tem- poral model shows a possibility of dynamical stabilization of the tumour-free steady state. Simulation results reveal that the tumour swells to a dormant level. Model is encoded by Jinghao Man and submitted to BioModels by Krishna Tiwari.",
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    "version" : "L2V4"
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  "publication" : {
    "type" : "PubMed ID",
    "accession" : "30418793",
    "journal" : "Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE",
    "title" : "Enhancement of chemotherapy using oncolytic virotherapy: Mathematical and optimal control analysis.",
    "affiliation" : "Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X 20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa.",
    "synopsis" : "Oncolytic virotherapy has been emerging as a promising novel cancer treatment which may be further combined with the existing therapeutic modalities to enhance their effects. To investigate how virotherapy could enhance chemotherapy, we propose an ODE based mathematical model describing the interactions between tumour cells, the immune response, and a treatment combination with chemotherapy and oncolytic viruses. Stability analysis of the model with constant chemotherapy treatment rates shows that without any form of treatment, a tumour would grow to its maximum size. It also demonstrates that chemotherapy alone is capable of clearing tumour cells provided that the drug efficacy is greater than the intrinsic tumour growth rate. Furthermore, virotherapy alone may not be able to clear tumour cells from body tissue but would rather enhance chemotherapy if viruses with high viral potency are used. To assess the combined effect of virotherapy and chemotherapy we use the forward sensitivity index to perform a sensitivity analysis, with respect to chemotherapy key parameters, of the virus basic reproductive number and the tumour endemic equilibrium. The results from this sensitivity analysis indicate the existence of a critical dose of chemotherapy above which no further significant reduction in the tumour population can be observed. Numerical simulations show that a successful combinational therapy of the chemotherapeutic drugs and viruses depends mostly on the virus burst size, infection rate, and the amount of drugs supplied. Optimal control analysis was performed, by means of the Pontryagin's maximum principle, to further refine predictions of the model with constant treatment rates by accounting for the treatment costs and sides effects. Results from this analysis suggest that the optimal drug and virus combination correspond to half their maximum tolerated doses. This is in agreement with the results from stability and sensitivity analyses.",
    "year" : 2018,
    "month" : "12",
    "volume" : "15",
    "issue" : "6",
    "pages" : "1435-1463",
    "link" : "http://identifiers.org/pubmed/30418793",
    "authors" : [
      {
        "name" : "Malinzi J",
        "institution" : "Department of Mathematics, University of Eswatini, Private Bag 4, Kwaluseni, Eswatini.",
        "orcid" : "0000-0001-9184-8506"
      },
      {
        "name" : "Rachid Ouifki",
        "institution" : "DST/NRF Centre of Excellence in Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis (SACEMA), University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.",
        "orcid" : "0000-0001-7697-1792"
      },
      {
        "name" : "Amina Eladdadi"
      },
      {
        "name" : "Delfim F M Torres",
        "institution" : "Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA), Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.",
        "orcid" : "0000-0001-8641-2505"
      },
      {
        "name" : "Jane K A White",
        "orcid" : "0000-0003-4069-9672"
      }
    ]
  },
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        "submitter" : "Krishna Kumar Tiwari",
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        "submitter" : "Krishna Kumar Tiwari",
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        "name" : "Krishna Kumar Tiwari",
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